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Risk factors
Risk factors

Common Factors Potentially Complicating CAD Trauma Management

  • Advanced age
  • Metabolic disorders
  • Congenital anomalies of the spine
  • Developmental anomalies of the spine
  • Degenerative disc disease
  • Disc protrusion (HNP)
  • Spondylosis Facet arthrosis
  • Rheumatoid arthritis or other arthritides affecting the spine
  • Ankylosing spondylitis or other
  • spondylarthropathy
  • Scoliosis
  • Prior cervical spinal surgery
  • Prior lumbar spinal surgery
  • Prior vertebral fracture
  • Osteoporosis
  • Paget's disease or other disease of bone
  • Spinal stenosis or foraminal stenosis
  • Paraplegia or quadriplegia
  • Prior spinal injury


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